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layout	title	parent	nav_order
default	Tracing and Profiling	Tools	2

Tracing and Profiling

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The MediaPipe framework includes a built-in tracer and profiler. The tracer records various timing events related to packet processing, including the start and end time of each Calculator::Process call. The tracer writes trace log files in binary protobuf format. The profiler further accumulates for each running calculator a histogram of latencies for Process calls. Tracing and profiling is available on Linux, Android, or iOS.

Enabling tracing and profiling

To enable tracing and profiling of a mediapipe graph:

The profiling library must be linked to the framework.
Tracing and profiling must be enabled in the graph configuration.

The profiling library is linked to the framework by default. If needed, the profiling library can be omitted from the framework using the bazel command line option: --define MEDIAPIPE_PROFILING=0.

To enable tracing and profiling, the CalculatorGraphConfig (in calculator.proto) representing the graph must have a profiler_config message at its root. Here is a simple setup that turns on tracing and keeps 100 seconds of timing events:

profiler_config {
  trace_enabled: true
  trace_log_interval_count: 200
}

enable_profiler is required to emit any logging at all.
trace_enabled gives us packet level information needed for offline profiling.
trace_log_count is a convenience that allows us to, by default, to chop up our log into five separate files which are filled up in a round robin fashion (after the fifth file is recorded, the first file is used again). The trace log files are named trace_0.log through trace_k.log.

See Profiler configuration for other settings available in the profiler config. Note that most of the other settings are considered advanced, and in general should not be needed.

Collecting the Logs

MediaPipe will emit data into a pre-specified directory:

On the desktop, this will be the /tmp directory.
On Android, this will be the /sdcard directory.
On iOS, this can be reached through XCode. Select "Window/Devices and Simulators" and select the "Devices" tab.

You can open the Download Container. Logs will be located in application container/.xcappdata/AppData/Documents/

Log files are written to \<trace_log_path index\>.binarypb where, by default, \<trace_log_path\> is equal to mediapipe_trace_ (the entire path and file prefix can be overwritten by setting trace_log_path within the profiler_config message). The index will, by default, alternate between 0 and 1, unless you've overridden the trace_log_count as we did, above.

By default, each file records five seconds of events. (Advanced: Specifically, we record ten intervals of half a second each. This can be overridden by adding trace_log_interval_usec and trace_log_interval_count to profiler_config).

Tracing on Linux

Follow the instructions stated above in Enable tracing
Build and run your MediaPipe graph. The running graph writes trace events as stated above in Collect the logs

Tracing on Android

Ensure that the Android app has write permissions to external storage.
- Include the line below in your AndroidManifest.xml file.
```
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
```
- Grant the permission either upon first app launch, or by going into Settings -> Apps & notifications -> $YOUR_APP -> Permissions and enable Storage.
Add the following protobuf message into the existing calculator-graph-config protobuf, such as the existing .pbtxt file. Follow the instructions stated above in Enable tracing

Connect your Android device and run adb devices.

  adb devices
  # should print:
  # List of devices attached
  # 805KPWQ1876505    device

Use bazel build to compile the Android app and use adb install to get it installed on your Android device.
Open the installed Android app. The running MediaPipe graph appends trace events to a trace log files at:
```
/sdcard/mediapipe_trace_0.binarypb
/sdcard/mediapipe_trace_1.binarypb
```
After every 5 sec, writing shifts to a successive trace log file, such that the most recent 5 sec of events are preserved. You can check whether the trace files have been written to the device using adb shell.
```
adb shell "ls -la /sdcard/"
```
On android, MediaPipe selects the external storage directory /sdcard for trace logs. This directory can be overridden using the setting trace_log_path, like:
```
profiler_config {
  trace_enabled: true
  trace_log_path: "/sdcard/profiles"
}
```

Download the trace files from the device.

# from your terminal
adb pull /sdcard/mediapipe_trace_0.binarypb
# if successful you should see something like
# /sdcard/mediapipe_trace_0.binarypb: 1 file pulled. 0.1 MB/s (6766 bytes in 0.045s)

Analyzing the Logs

Trace logs can be analyzed from within the visualizer.

Navigate to viz.mediapipe.dev
Click on the "Upload" button in the upper right.
Click on "Upload trace file".

A sample trace file has been generated for you: sample_trace_binary.pb
A file selection popup will appear. Select the .binarypb that holds your trace information.
A chart view will appear. All of your calculators will appear along the left with profiling information listed along the top.

Click on a header to alternately sort that column in ascending or descending order. You can also scroll horizontally and vertically within the control to see more columns and more calculators.

Explanation of columns:

name: The name of the calculator.
fps: The number of frames that this calculator can generate each second, on average. 1 / (input_latency_mean + time_mean) (Units are 1 / second).
frequency: The rate that this calculator was asked to process packets per second. (Computed by # of calls total / (last_call_time - first_call_time)). (Units are 1 / second)
counter: Number of times process() was called on the calculator. It is the sum of dropped + completed.
dropped: Number of times the calculator was called but did not produce an output.
completed: Number of times that this calculator was asked to process inputs after which it generated outputs.
processing_rate: 1E+6 / time_mean. The number of times per second this calculator could run process, on average. (Units are 1 / second).
thread_count: The number of threads that made use of each calculator.
time_mean: Average time spent within a calculator (in microseconds).
time_stddev: Standard deviation of time_mean (in microseconds).
time_total: Total time spent within a calculator (in microseconds).
time_percent: Percent of total time spent within a calculator.
input_latency_mean: Average latency between earliest input packet used by a iteration of the calculator and when the calculator actually begins processing (in microseconds).
input_latency_stddev: Standard deviation of input_latency_mean (in microseconds).
input_latency_total: Total accumulated input_latency (in microseconds).

Profiler configuration

Many of the following settings are advanced and not recommended for general usage. Consult Enabling tracing and profiling for a friendlier introduction.

histogram_interval_size_usec :Specifies the size of the runtimes histogram intervals (in microseconds) to generate the histogram of the Process() time. The last interval extends to +inf. If not specified, the interval is 1000000 usec = 1 sec.

num_histogram_intervals :Specifies the number of intervals to generate the histogram of the Process() runtime. If not specified, one interval is used.

enable_profiler: If true, the profiler starts profiling when graph is initialized.
enable_stream_latency: If true, the profiler also profiles the stream latency and input-output latency. No-op if enable_profiler is false.
use_packet_timestamp_for_added_packet: If true, the profiler uses packet timestamp (as production time and source production time) for packets added by calling CalculatorGraph::AddPacketToInputStream(). If false, uses the profiler's clock.
trace_log_capacity: The maximum number of trace events buffered in memory. The default value buffers up to 20000 events.
trace_event_types_disabled: Trace event types that are not logged.
trace_log_path: The output directory and base-name prefix for trace log files. Log files are written to: StrCat(trace_log_path, index, ".binarypb")
trace_log_count: The number of trace log files retained. The trace log files are named "trace_0.log" through "trace_k.log". The default value specifies 2 output files retained.
trace_log_interval_usec: The interval in microseconds between trace log output. The default value specifies trace log output once every 0.5 sec.
trace_log_margin_usec: The interval in microseconds between TimeNow and the highest times included in trace log output. This margin allows time for events to be appended to the TraceBuffer.
trace_log_instant_events: False specifies an event for each calculator invocation. True specifies a separate event for each start and finish time.
trace_log_interval_count: The number of trace log intervals per file. The total log duration is: trace_log_interval_usec * trace_log_file_count * trace_log_interval_count. The default value specifies 10 intervals per file.
trace_log_disabled: An option to turn ON/OFF writing trace files to disk. Saving trace files to disk is enabled by default.
trace_enabled: If true, tracer timing events are recorded and reported.

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